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الاسم: جورج إيستمان
المهنة: Founder of Kodak Photography
تاريخ الميلاد: 12 يوليو 1854
تاريخ الوفاة: 14 مارس 1932
If an innovator is someone who creates an invention that serves humanity and offers a new perspective on life, then George Eastman—the pioneer of
photography and founder of the global Kodak company—is one of the most notable innovators, despite the many challenges he faced throughout his life and the difficult times
the world was experiencing. What was his life journey like?
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طفولة حزينة
George Eastman was born on July 12, 1854, in Waterville, New York, to parents with two older daughters. He was self-educated,
He attended a private school in Rochester at the age of eight. He had grown up on his parents’ farm, but when his father fell ill, the family was forced
to give up the farm and move to Rochester in 1860.
His father, George Washington Eastman, founded Eastman’s Commercial College in the 1840s and had a major influence
on his son and the entire family, which struggled to cope after his health declined and he died two years after they moved.
His father’s death had a difficult impact on the whole family. His mother had to withdraw George from school and enroll him in another
boarding school so she could afford the cost of his education.
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حب العائلة
One of his sisters had polio and was confined to a wheelchair. She passed away when her brother was 16. She did not give
life much choice to “George”: his family’s difficult circumstances forced him to leave school and take a job at an insurance office, but his passion
for learning and self-improvement was a strong motivation to resume his education later on.
As the family weathered many hardships, they grew closer, especially during difficult times. “George” remained close
to his mother, “Maria,” throughout his life.
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The Beginning of His Career
In 1877, Eastman decided to go into real estate. He traveled to the Caribbean Islands, where land purchases were booming,
He brought a special camera to document his journey, following a colleague’s advice.
The camera was heavy and expensive, but he was determined to buy the equipment. George’s keen powers of observation helped pave the way for his later invention. Although he failed to make a profit from his journey, it became the start of a new journey and a different path toward improving
camera quality, making cameras simpler, less expensive, and easier to use.
After reading an article in a British newspaper, George was inspired to improve the photographic plate, which was made of glass. He made a plate
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Entering the World of Photography
from gelatin, making it lighter and less dangerous.
من مادة “الجيلاتين”؛ ما جعله أخف وزنًا، وأقل خطورة.
Shortly afterward, he left his job and began working as a photographer, at a time when photography was a very demanding profession, especially given the camera’s size
and its many shortcomings, including a lack of accuracy when taking pictures.
Eastman was influenced by several renowned photographers, including “George Monroe” and “George Selden,” who taught him a great deal about the art
وعلم التصوير.
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Patent
Eastman found his passion in photography and was committed to advancing it. Along with his friend “William Hall Walker,” he invented a lightweight film holder
that could be placed inside the camera. The pair received a patent for their invention in 1886.
Their invention was a remarkable success, helping bring about a major transformation in photography, particularly outdoor photography, and making the field easier
من ذي قبل.
The invention of the holder was George Eastman’s first step toward success. He went on to invent an easy-to-use camera that cost just $25 and came
with film capable of capturing 100 images.
At first, customers had to take their own pictures, then send the film to the company Eastman worked with to have the photos developed
and returned for $10. But ambition shaped George’s life, and he set out to establish his own company.
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Eastman Kodak Company
With the slogan “You press the button, we do the rest,” George founded the Eastman Kodak Company in Rochester in 1892. Over the years, his
inventions continued, helping the company expand to include a factory in England as well, where George served as chairman of the board
management and became president of the company.
In 1889, it hired chemist Henry Reichenbach to develop a type of flexible film that could be loaded into cameras more easily.
Thomas Edison adapted the film for use in the motion picture camera he was developing, boosting the company’s success.
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A Series of Achievements
Five years later, in 1897, the company launched the “Kodak” pocket camera, followed just a year later by the folding camera,
and it continued to grow rapidly until it launched the “Brownie,” a camera for children priced at one dollar. From then on, people around the world began saying
“Kodak” instead of using the word “camera”.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the company had more than 3,000 employees. It then produced a non-curling film strip—a solution to problems
users had previously faced—and registered a new patent under the name “Kodak” in 1903.
The company played an important role during World War I, helping the United States build its chemical industry,
end its reliance on German supplies, and develop a specialized camera for taking photographs from military aircraft, as well as shatterproof
lenses for the gas masks used by soldiers.
By 1920, the company had 15,000 employees, while “Kodak” continued to grow under the name of “George Eastman,” who devoted
He dedicated himself to his work, tirelessly pursuing his passion.
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Social Responsibility
Despite his dominance of the photography market, George was philanthropic. His giving extended beyond his business: he rescued the struggling Mechanics Institute in
Rochester—which became the Rochester Institute of Technology—and supported the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, believing in the importance of education.
George was among the first industrialists in the United States to adopt employee profit-sharing. He also made sure
to give every user a gift from his own pocket.
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وصية أخيرة
The Eastman Company’s success continued until March 14, 1932, the day everything changed: George called all his partners
and his friends to a meeting, where he wrote his will in front of them.
Eastman directed that a large portion of his wealth go to his hometown of Rochester, and another portion be used to care for the city’s children’s teeth,
with $200,000 left to one of his relatives.
After writing his will and seeing everyone leave, the world’s photography pioneer died, following the tremendous success he had enjoyed throughout
مسيرته.
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Lessons Learned:
قيمة الحياة: An entrepreneur understands the value of his life and never gives up on it for any reason. He sees his passion as the main force driving him forward
to develop himself and achieve his goals.
Making the most of hobbies: Hobbies open up new opportunities for entrepreneurs and innovators to pursue their ambitions and achieve their goals.
Overcoming mistakes: A successful entrepreneur works to overcome past mistakes and learn from life’s experiences.
Social responsibility: Entrepreneurs should be socially responsible, wish others well, and give to the poor and those in need.
